1. Which of the following is true about Anaplasia?
2.A 61-year-old man with a history of chronic viral hepatitis has noted a 6-kg weight loss over the past 5 months. Physical examination shows no masses or palpable lymphadenopathy. An abdominal CT scan shows a nodular liver with a 10-cm mass in the right lobe. A stool guaiac test result is negative. An elevation in which of the following laboratory tests is most likely to be present in this man?
3. Virchow triad includes all except:
4. A 92-year-old woman is brought unconscious to the emergency room from a nursing home. Her blood pressure is 70/30 mm Hg. She is febrile (38°C/100.5°F) and tachypneic. Laboratory studies demonstrate a WBC count of 22, 000/μL with 92% neutrophils. Urinalysis reveals numerous Gram-negative organisms. Which of the following most likely accounts for this patient's signs and symptoms?
5.A 25-year-old woman delivers a healthy baby at 39 weeks of gestation. Six hours later, the mother develops severe shortness of breath and appears cyanotic. Despite resuscitation, she dies 2 hours later. These pathologic findings are associated with which of the following mechanisms of disease?
6.The most common source of embolism:
7.Chicken fat appearance is seen in?
8. Skin involvement along with collar stud ulceration in intestine on radiography. Diagnosis is -
9. Whipple's is disease is caused by:
10.Most common location of carcinoid:
11. A 65-year-old woman complains of a 4-month history of bad breath, regurgitation of undigested food, occasional aspiration of food, and change in the sound of her voice. A barium swallow examination shows a posterior, midline pouch greater than 2 cm in diameter arising just above the cricopharyngeal muscle. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
12.Commonest site of intestinal T.B.-
13.All are true about Amoebiasis except?
14. Linitis plastica is seen in
15.Characteristic of Barrett's esophagus is?
16.A 51-year-old man has a sudden onset of massive emesis of bright red blood. On physical examination, his temperature is 36.9° C, pulse is 103/min, respirations are 23/min, and blood pressure is 85/50 mm Hg. His spleen tip is palpable. Laboratory studies show a hematocrit of 21%. The serologic test result for HBsAg is positive. He has had no prior episodes of hematemesis. The hematemesis is most likely to be a consequence of which of the following?
17. A 30-year-old woman is having progressive dysphagia. On examination she has thickening of oral mucosa and leather like skin. She is also hypertensive and has limited exercise capacity due to lung fibrosis. Which of the following is the possible diagnosis?
18. Gastrointestinal stromal malignancy arises from which of the following
19.All are true about renal cell carcinoma, except -
20.Which of the following features in histotopathology increases the chances of contralateral kidney involvement in Wilm's tumor
21.Alport syndrome is characterized by antibodies act against?
22. 90% of bladder cancer arise from
23. A 10-year-old child presented with edema and decreased urine output. On evaluation, serum albumin is 2.5 g/dL, S.Creatinine is 0.5 mg/dL. Urine protein is 3+ with no RBC or casts. The expected pathological change is
24. A 7-year-old boy presented with generalized edema. Urine examination revealed marked albuminuria. Serum biochemical examinations showed hypoalbuminemia with hyperlipidemia. Kidney biopsy was undertaken. On light microscopic examination, the kidney appeared normal. Electron microscopic examination is most likely to reveal:
25.An 18-year-old woman is seeing you for an evaluation of her fatigue. She also complains of exercise intolerance and reports an unusual desire to chew ice in the last couple of months. You suspect anemia, and a point-of-care hemoglobin test confirms this diagnosis. What is the most likely cause of her anemia?
26. Multiple myeloma is diagnosis by
27.An 18-year-old male presented to the OPD with gum bleeding, fever for the past 2 months. General examination showed pallor and the systemic examination was unremarkable. Laboratory examination revealed Hb level- 3 gm/dl, TLC-1500, Platelets 15000. Further examination shows a low reticulocyte count, and bone marrow examination revealed fatty streaks and absent megakaryocytes but no immature cells. What is the likely diagnosis?
28.Following gene when mutated, protects tumor cells from Apoptosis
29. A patient presents with bone pain. X ray reveals destructive lesions. Lab investigations shows hypercalcemia. Serum electrophoresis shows M spike, while Bone marrow shows 35% plasma cells. What is your diagnosis?
30.Anemia is characterized BY-
31. An 18-year-old male presented to the OPD with gum bleeding, fever for the past 2 months. General examination showed pallor and the systemic examination was unremarkable. Laboratory examination revealed Hb level- 3 gm/dl, TLC-1500, Platelets 15000. Further examination shows a low reticulocyte count, and bone marrow examination revealed fatty streaks and absent megakaryocytes but no immature cells. What is the likely diagnosis?
32. A 76-year-old woman presents with a 1-hour history of sub- sternal chest pain. Shortly after admission the patient expires. At autopsy, extensive calcium deposits are noted in the coronary and other arteries affected by severe atherosclerosis. Which of the following terms best describes these autopsy findings?
33. Typical histological change seen in Benign hypertension includes -
34.A 45-year-old woman presents with a 4-month history of severe headaches and pain, and blanching of the hands upon exposure to cold. She is a nonsmoker. Over the past 6 months, she has noticed progressive difficulty in swallowing solid food. Physical examination reveals smooth and tight skin over the face and fingers. The serologic test for anti-Scl-70 (antitopoi-somerase) is positive. Painful hands in this patient are best described using which of the following terms?
35. A 40-year-old man presents with a 2-week history of recurrent oral ulcers, genital ulcers, intermittent arthritic pain of the knees, and abdominal pain. Physical examination reveals shallow ulcerations of the mucosa of the glans penis, as well as oral aphthous ulcers and conjunctivitis. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
36. A 8-year-old child presented with history of recurrent infections. The child had rashes. Investigations revealed low platelets. What could be the probable cause?
37. A 25-year-old woman with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus presents with diffuse petechiae and fatigue. Physical examination demonstrates lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly Laboratory findings include normocytic anemia (hemoglobin 6.1 g/dL) and thrombocytopenia (30, 000/μL). Which of the following is the most likely underlying mechanism in the development of thrombocytopenia in this patient?
38. Myd88 L265p mutation is seen in:
39. All decrease in iron deficiency anemia except?
40. A 24-year-old woman gives birth to a term infant after an uncomplicated pregnancy. Apgar scores are 9 and 10 at 1 and 5 minutes after birth. The infant's length and weight are at the 55th percentile. There is no significant passage of meconium. Three days after birth, the infant vomits all oral feedings. On physical examination, the infant is afebrile, but the abdomen is distended and tender, and bowel sounds are reduced. An abdominal ultrasound scan shows marked colonic dilation above a narrow segment in the distal sigmoid region. A biopsy specimen from the narrowed region shows an absence of ganglion cells in the muscle wall and submucosa. Which of the following is most likely to produce these findings?
41. A 24-year-old man is brought to the emergency room with symptoms of acute intestinal obstruction. His temperature is 38°C (101°F), respirations are 25 per minute, and blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg. Physical examination reveals a mass in the right lower abdominal quadrant. At laparoscopy, there are numerous small bowel strictures and a fistula extending into a loop of small bowel. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
42.A 30-year-old woman is having progressive dysphagia. On examination she has thickening of oral mucosa and leather like skin. She is also hypertensive and has limited exercise capacity due to lung fibrosis. Which of the following is the possible diagnosis?
43.IN electron microscope Hb is seen to be appeared in which of the following stage-
44. Howell Jolly bodies are found in-
45.Pink test for detection of osmotic fragility of RBC is positive in-
46.cold antibody in autoimmune haemolytic anaemia is of-
47. decrease in free Haptoglobin level is indicative of-
48.Libman sack’s endocarditis is seen in-
49.MOST COMMON primary cardiac tumor is-
50. A 46 yr old male has severe chest pain and was admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Four hours later he died , autopsy showed transmural coagulative necrosis. Which of the following microscopic feature will be seen on further examination-
